What Is Workers' Comp Insurance?

Workers' comp guarantees medical care and partial wage replacement when employees get hurt or sick at work. It's required in nearly every state, protects employees regardless of who caused the injury, and shields your business from most workplace injury lawsuits by making workers' comp benefits the employee's only remedy.

A standard workers' comp policy includes three main coverage parts:

  • Workers' Compensation Insurance (Part A): Pays all state-required benefits for work-related injuries and illnesses, including medical treatment, wage replacement (typically two-thirds of their average weekly wage), rehabilitation services and death benefits for surviving dependents. This coverage has no dollar limit since the benefits are determined by your state's law, not your policy.
  • Employers' Liability Insurance (Part B): Covers lawsuits from employees or their families in specific situations where workers' comp doesn't apply, such as third-party claims, claims you purposely caused harm, or when a spouse sues for loss of support. Unlike Part A, this coverage has dollar limits you select when purchasing the policy.
  • Other States Insurance (Part C): Covers lawsuits from employees or their families in specific situations where workers' comp doesn't apply, such as third-party claims, claims you purposely caused harm, or when a spouse sues for loss of support. Unlike Part A, this coverage has dollar limits you select when purchasing the policy.

Below, you can explore specific workers' comp topics—starting with whether your state requires coverage and what you'll pay.

How Workers' Comp Insurance Differs From Other Business Insurance

Workers' comp is often confused with other business coverages because many protect against employee-related risks. For example, business owners sometimes assume their health insurance will cover an employee's broken arm from a warehouse accident, or that their general liability policy handles workers' comp claims. 

Use the comparison below to avoid buying the wrong coverage, leaving gaps in protection, or paying twice for overlapping benefits.

Workers' Comp vs. Health Insurance
Medical bills for illnesses and injuries that happen off the job (routine checkups, surgeries, non-work accidents)
Health insurance covers all your medical care, whether you're hurt at work or not. Workers' comp only kicks in for work-related injuries and also replaces part of your lost wages while you recover.
Injury costs when customers, vendors, or other visitors get hurt on your property or because of your business operations
General liability covers people outside your company who get hurt because of your business. Workers' comp covers your employees who get injured on the job.
Lawsuit costs when employees or their families sue you in situations where standard workers' comp doesn't apply, like third-party claims or allegations you caused harm on purpose
Employers' liability is Part B of your workers' comp policy—it's not separate coverage. It handles the rare cases where employees can still sue you despite workers' comp benefits.
Workers' Comp vs. Employment Practices Liability Insurance (EPLI)
Legal costs from workplace law violations like discrimination, harassment, wrongful termination, and retaliation claims
EPLI covers employment law problems like discrimination or harassment. Workers' comp covers physical injuries and illnesses caused by your employees' work.
Workers' Comp vs. Short-Term Disability Insurance
Income replacement for 3-6 months when employees can't work because of non-work injuries or illnesses (car accidents, surgery recovery, pregnancy)
Short-term disability covers off-the-job injuries for a limited time. Workers' comp only covers work injuries but typically continues medical benefits as long as needed.
Workers' Comp vs. Long-Term Disability Insurance
Income replacement for months or years when employees can't work because of serious non-work conditions (cancer, chronic illnesses, major injuries)
Long-term disability covers extended disabilities from off-the-job causes. Workers' comp only covers work injuries but provides ongoing benefits as long as treatment is medically necessary.
Workers' Comp vs. Occupational Accident Insurance
Medical bills and lost wages for independent contractors (1099 workers) who get injured while working for you
Occupational accident insurance covers contractors you don't legally employ as W-2 workers. Workers' comp covers employees on your payroll.
Workers' Comp vs. Business Owner's Policy (BOP)
Property damage, general liability, and business interruption—but doesn't include workers' comp coverage
A BOP bundles common business coverages together but always excludes workers' comp, which you need to buy separately.
Workers' Comp vs. FMLA (Family and Medical Leave Act)
Up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave for serious health conditions, caring for newborns, or taking care of sick family members
FMLA is federal law that protects your job during unpaid leave—not insurance. Workers' comp is insurance that pays wages and medical costs for work injuries. Your employees can often use both at the same time if they're injured at work.
Workers' Comp vs. Unemployment Insurance
Temporary income when employees lose their jobs through no fault of their own (layoffs, company closures)
Unemployment covers job loss. Workers' comp covers workplace injuries. Your employees typically can't collect both at the same time because workers' comp requires inability to work from injury, not job loss.
Workers' Comp vs. Personal Injury Claims
Lawsuit damages when someone gets injured because of negligence, including payment for pain and suffering, emotional distress, and punitive damages
Personal injury lawsuits can result in larger payouts but require proving someone was at fault. Workers' comp provides guaranteed benefits regardless of who caused the injury but limits what your employees can sue you for.

Who Needs Workers' Comp Insurance?

Whether you need workers' comp depends on your state's laws (most require it once you hire your first employee, though some set higher thresholds) and contractual requirements from clients or landlords. 

Your business likely needs workers' comp if you:

  • Have employees on payroll: Most states require coverage as soon as you hire your first W-2 employee, regardless of whether they work full-time or part-time
  • Hire seasonal or temporary workers: Coverage typically applies to all employees, including those working short-term during busy periods
  • Use subcontractors or 1099 workers: Rules vary by state, and misclassifying employees as contractors can trigger penalties and retroactive premium charges
  • Operate in high-risk industries: Construction, manufacturing, healthcare, and similar fields often have stricter requirements or lower employee thresholds
  • Need to meet contract requirements: Clients, general contractors, or property owners frequently require proof of workers' comp before allowing you to start work
  • Lease commercial space: Landlords often require workers' comp documentation as part of lease agreements, even if your state doesn't mandate coverage

To figure out whether workers' comp applies to your business, explore these resources:

How Much Does Workers' Comp Insurance Cost?

The cost of workers' comp insurance averages $113 per employee per month (or about $1,354 annually) for businesses with one to four employees. Your actual cost depends on your industry, payroll, claims history, location and the types of work your employees perform.

Cost is primarily influenced by the following factors:

How to Get Workers' Comp Insurance

Once you understand that workers' comp is required and have a sense of what it costs, the next step is how to get workers' comp insurance before legal deadlines hit. Missing these deadlines can result in fines, contract violations or operating illegally. Follow the five steps below to get coverage efficiently and avoid common mistakes that delay the process:

  1. 1

    Start with any deadlines you must meet

    Work backward from your coverage deadline to ensure you have at least two to three weeks for the approval and setup process. Common deadlines include:

    • State requirement deadlines: Most states require coverage before your first employee's first day of work
    • Contract start dates: Client or general contractor agreements often require proof of coverage before work begins
    • Lease agreements: Commercial landlords typically require coverage documentation before move-in
    • Loan or financing requirements: Lenders may require proof of coverage as a condition of funding
  2. 2

    Gather the information insurers will need

    Insurers need specific business details to calculate your premium accurately and verify you're eligible for coverage. Having these documents ready speeds up the quoting process and prevents delays during approval:

    • Business formation documents (articles of incorporation, LLC operating agreement or DBA registration)
    • Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN)
    • Employee count and job descriptions
    • Estimated annual payroll
    • Prior coverage details
    • Subcontractor certificates (if you use subcontractors, some states require proof they carry their own coverage)
  3. 3

    Determine your classification codes

    Workers' comp premium is calculated by assigning each employee to a classification code based on their job duties. Your total premium depends on getting these codes right:

    • Start with your industry: General categories like construction, retail, healthcare, or manufacturing
    • Match employees to specific job duties: A construction company might have separate codes for carpenters, electricians and office staff
    • Use accurate descriptions: Misclassifying a roofer as an office worker results in incorrect premiums and audit penalties
    • Ask your agent for help: Classification can be complex, and agents can verify codes match your actual operations

    Getting classifications right from the start prevents premium adjustments, audits, and potential coverage disputes later.

  4. 4

    Compare quotes from multiple insurers

    Rates can vary by 20% to 50% or more for the same coverage, so:

    • Get at least three quotes: Compare pricing across insurers who understand your industry
    • Focus on industry specialists:  They understand your risks better and often offer more competitive pricing
    • Review payment options: Pay-as-you-go plans spread premium across the year instead of requiring large upfront deposits
    • Check Part B limits and endorsements: Confirm quotes include any required coverage (waiver of subrogation, alternate employer endorsements, etc.)
    • Ask about safety programs and discounts: Some insurers offer premium credits for implementing safety training or loss prevention measures
  5. 5

    Finalize coverage and get your certificate of insurance

    After selecting an insurer, review your policy documents to confirm classifications and limits are correct, pay your deposit, and request certificates of insurance for contracts or leases. Make sure your policy start date matches the deadline you identified in Step 1.

Workers' Comp Insurance: Next Steps

You need workers' comp coverage, but your specific situation determines what you should focus on first. You might be hiring your first employee and need coverage fast, comparing insurers to find better rates, or trying to figure out if your existing policy has the right endorsements. The guidance below helps you take the right next step based on where you are.

Start here (most businesses): Compare providers before getting quotes

Workers' comp rates vary significantly by insurer because each carrier specializes in different industries and uses its own claims data to set prices. Construction-focused insurers may offer better rates for contractors, while tech-focused carriers compete for office-based businesses.

We've left resources below to help you start comparing:

Find insurers who specialize in your industry to get accurate quotes and avoid carriers who may decline your business or charge higher rates for unfamiliar risks.

If you're hiring your first employee

If cost is your main concern

If a contract, client or landlord requires proof of insurance

If you use subcontractors or 1099 workers

If you're in a high-risk industry

If you're adding yourself (business owner) to the policy

Get Workers' Comp Insurance Quotes

If you're ready to compare workers' comp insurance quotes, MoneyGeek can match you to a top provider that specializes in your industry and understands your business risks. Use the tool below to get matched.

Get Quotes From Your Workers' Comp Insurance Match

Select your industry and state to get a customized workers' comp insurance quote match.

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About Angelique Palenzuela-Cruz


Angelique Palenzuela-Cruz headshot

Angelique Palenzuela-Cruz is a Content Writer at MoneyGeek specializing in business insurance. She focuses on general liability, workers' compensation and professional liability coverage, helping small business owners cut through policy jargon and understand what they're actually buying.

Angelique has spent over five years reporting on personal finance, with deep experience in both insurance and lending markets. Her psychology background also gives her a unique understanding of how people actually process difficult financial decisions, allowing her to meet readers where they are, simplify complex concepts and build decision making frameworks that give them confidence. Whether you're learning about policies, comparing providers or trying to figure out requirements, Angelique does the legwork, digging into regulations, analyzing policy language and testing her explanations against agent-level standards so you get straight answers without fluff.


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