What Does Travel Insurance Cover & How Does It Work?


Travel insurance protect your travel investments.  Learn how travel insurance works and how it covers medical expenses, trip cancellation, and lost baggage, but excludes specific circumstances that are important to know.

What Is Travel Insurance?

You know how you spend months planning the perfect trip, booking flights, reserving hotels, maybe even splurging on that sunset dinner cruise? Travel insurance is designed specifically for all the unique stuff that can happen when you're traveling. 

What's the easy way to think about travel insurance? Travel insurance reimburses you when covered things in your policy go wrong, so instead of losing thousands on a cancelled trip, or having big medical bills in a foreign country, or having to worry about replacing clothes from a lost bag, you can actually enjoy your vacation knowing these expenses are covered by your travel insurance coverage.  

How much does travel insurance cost? Travel insurance is affordable and ranges from 1.7% to 11% of your trip value depending on your age, destination, and plan choice.  Most people spend about $50 to $150 on insurance for a one week trip.

How Does Travel Insurance Work?

So you're ready to get travel insurance? Here's how it works. The timing of when you buy travel insurance, what benefits kick in when, and how the claims process works make a big difference in what you're actually covered for. Don't worry though, it's pretty straightforward. Let's break down everything you need to know to become a travel insurance pro.

  1. 1

    When to Buy Travel Insurance

    Best Practice: Purchase within 14-21 days of your initial trip deposit to access maximum benefits including: pre-existing medical condition waivers, cancel for any reason (CFAR) coverage, and primary medical coverage (on select plans)

    Late Purchase: Most plans can be bought up to the day before departure, though time-sensitive benefits won't be available. Learn about adding travel insurance after booking.

  2. 2

    Coverage Effective Dates

    Travel insurance benefits activate at different times before and during travel:

    • Immediate Coverage (Day After Purchase): Trip cancellation, pre-departure medical coverage, cancel for any reason (if purchased)
    • Coverage During Travel: Medical emergencies, evacuation, baggage coverage, travel delays, and trip interruption
  3. 3

    Primary vs. Secondary Coverage

    Travel insurance medical coverage is either primary or secondary coverage: 

    • Primary Coverage pays first, before your standard health insurance kicks in. This means faster claims and no deductibles from your health insurance.
    • Secondary Coverage pays after your regular health insurance. You'll need to file with your primary insurer first, then submit remaining costs to your travel insurance.

    Most comprehensive plans offer secondary medical coverage, while premium plans often include primary medical benefits.

  4. 4

    Filing a Travel Insurance Claim

    If you need to file a claim on your travel insurance, here's how it works: 

    1. Contact Your Insurer Immediately: Policies require notification within 72 hours for cancellations or as soon as reasonably possible for other claims.
    2. Document Everything: Take photos, keep receipts, get police reports for theft, obtain medical records for health claims.
    3. Submit Required Documentation: Completed claim forms, original receipts and invoices.
    4. Follow Up: Stay in contact and provide additional documentation if needed.
    5. Receive Payment: Claims are processed within 10-30 days

What Does Travel Insurance Cover?

Travel insurance coverage varies by plan, but comprehensive policies include these core benefits:

    airplane icon

    Trip Cancellation and Interruption

    • Trip Cancellation is the big coverage benefit that people want to protect what they spent on the trip. If you can't go on your trip due to covered reasons like illness, injury, death of family members, job loss, weather emergencies, natural disasters at your destination, terrorism, or even jury duty, this reimburses your prepaid, non-refundable costs up to your actual trip value. So if you spent $5,000 on your vacation, that's your coverage limit.
    • Trip Interruption kicks in if you're already on your trip but have to cut it short and head home early for those same covered reasons. This pays 100-200% of your trip cost to cover both unused expenses and those expensive last-minute flights home.
    hospital icon

    Emergency Medical Coverage

    This coverage is really important for international travel since your regular health insurance might not work abroad. Medical coverage pays for hospital bills, doctor visits, prescriptions, and emergency dental care. Coverage ranges from $25,000 to $500,000+, and this is often the most expensive travel issue.

    Medical Evacuation and Repatriation (Getting You Home)

    Emergency evacuation coverage pays to get you to proper medical care or back home when local hospitals can't help. These flights can cost $100,000-$1,000,000. While its a lower chance you need this coverage, having it could help avoid a massive expense.

    bag icon

    Baggage and Personal Effects

    Covers lost, stolen, damaged, or delayed luggage ($1,000-$2,500  limits). Also includes your electronics, sports equipment for golf or skiing, and other personal items like passports.

    clock icon

    Travel Delays and Missed Connections

    When flights get delayed or cancelled, this covers your hotel, meals, and transportation while you wait. Also covers costs to catch up with your cruise or tour if delays make you miss connections.

    pregnantPerson icon

    Pregnancy Coverage

    Pregnancy coverage typically covers complications only (pre-eclampsia, emergency C-sections, premature labor), but not routine prenatal care or normal childbirth.  Learning you are pregnant is a standard cancelation reason depending on your policy, as long as you bought the policy before becoming pregnant.

Travel Insurance Optional Coverage Add-Ons

In addition to standard travel insurance coverage, you can purchase optional coverage add-ons including:

    denySign icon

    Cancel for Any Reason (CFAR)

    CFAR is the ultimate flexibility coverage upgrade for travel insurance. Cancel for literally any reason and get 50-75% of your trip costs back. Must be purchased within 7-21 days of booking and costs extra, but gives you complete peace of mind.

    care icon

    Pre-Existing Medical Conditions Coverage

    Got ongoing health issues? Pre-existing condition coverage is available if you buy early (14-21 days after booking). This includes coverage for heart conditions, cancer, diabetes, and disability needs.

    calendar icon

    Long-Term Travel Coverage

    Planning a gap year or extended backpacking trip? Travel insurance coverage can be purchased as an annual or multi-trip policy.

    falling icon

    Adventure Sports and Activities Coverage

    Extreme activities like scuba diving and rock climbing are excluded from standard policies, but add-on this coverage is available or you buy a plan that with adventure sports coverage.  World Nomads is the best option for this coverage.

What is Excluded from Travel Insurance Coverage

Nobody likes surprises when filing a claim, so here's what won't be covered in a standard travel insurance policy:

  1. 1

    Health-Related Exclusions

    • Pre-existing conditions (unless you buy early and get a waiver)
    • Mental health issues like depression or anxiety (though newer plans are starting to include coverage)
    • Routine medical care - vaccinations, prescription refills, elective procedures
  2. 2

    Activity and Behavior Exclusions

    • High-risk activities - extreme sports, professional athletics (unless specifically covered)
    • Illegal activities - drug use, criminal acts, traveling against government warnings
    • Reckless behavior - injuries from drinking, dangerous stunts
  3. 3

    Event-Related and Weather Exclusions

    • Known events - hurricanes already named, ongoing wars, foreseeable political situations
    • Foreseeable circumstances - if you could reasonably expect it to happen
  4. 4

    Travel Destination Exclusions

    Countries or regions might not be covered due to government travel advisories, active war zones or civil unrest, and areas without adequate medical facilities.

Choosing the Right Travel Insurance Plan

Selecting the right travel insurance depends on your specific travel needs, budget, and risk tolerance:

  1. 1

    Trip Investment

    How much non-refundable money have you spent? Higher investments justify more comprehensive coverage.

  2. 2

    Health Status

    Pre-existing conditions require early purchase for waiver eligibility. Consider higher medical limits for chronic conditions.

  3. 3

    Destination Risk

    Remote locations or countries with expensive medical care need higher coverage limits.

  4. 4

    Activities

    Make sure your planned activities are covered or purchase additional protection.

  5. 5

    Travel Frequency

    Annual plans make sense for travelers taking 2-3+ trips per year.

  6. 6

    CFAR Coverage

    Consider adding CFAR coverage to give you flexibility to cancel your trip for a specified refund amount.

  7. 7

    Key Coverage Amounts

    • Medical Coverage: $50,000-$100,000 for domestic and $100,000-$500,000 for international travel. Pick higher limits for remote destinations or pre-existing conditions.
    • Evacuation Coverage: Minimum $500,000 recommended or $1,000,000 for remote destinations
    • Trip Cancellation: Should equal your total non-refundable trip cost. Consider CFAR and trip interruption add-ons.

FAQs: What Does Travel Insurance Cover & How Does It Work?

Can I buy travel insurance after I've already booked my trip?

What's the difference between trip cancellation and trip interruption?

What counts as a "pre-existing condition"?

Is travel insurance worth it for domestic trips?

Does my health insurance work when I travel abroad?

About Mark Fitzpatrick


Mark Fitzpatrick headshot

Mark Fitzpatrick, a Licensed Property and Casualty Insurance Producer, is MoneyGeek's resident Personal Finance Expert. With over five years of experience analyzing the insurance market, he conducts original research and creates tailored content for all types of buyers. His insights have been featured in publications like CNBC, NBC News and Mashable.

Fitzpatrick holds a master’s degree in economics and international relations from Johns Hopkins University and a bachelor’s degree from Boston College. He's also a five-time Jeopardy champion!

Passionate about economics and insurance, he aims to promote transparency in financial topics and empower others to make confident money decisions.


Copyright © 2025 MoneyGeek.com. All Rights Reserved