Staying Safe in the Most Dangerous States for Winter Driving

Advertising & Editorial Disclosure

Last Updated: 10/27/2023

Danielle Kiser

Edited by

Megan Hull

Quality Verified

The number of fatalities caused by winter auto accidents increased slightly from 374 to 395 from 2020 to 2021. Winter driving continues to be hazardous — especially if you live in one of the states below.

To underscore the importance of safe driving this winter, MoneyGeek analyzed data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) Fatality Analysis Reporting System and ranked the most dangerous states for winter driving. We also explored steps drivers can take to prepare for winter weather and stay safe on the road.

Key Findings:

On average, 403 drivers die per year on snowy or icy roads.
Michigan is the most dangerous state for winter driving, with an average of 39 deaths on the roads every winter. The next most hazardous states for winter driving are Alaska, Ohio and Pennsylvania.
Alaska had the highest winter driving fatality rate per billion lane mile of any state (1.65), followed by Wyoming (1.00), Vermont (0.75) and Montana (0.73).

Most Dangerous States for Winter Driving

While most of us can't avoid driving in icy and snowy conditions every winter, some states are more dangerous than others.

MoneyGeek analyzed data from the NHTSA's Fatality Analysis Reporting System for 2019 to 2021 — the most recent data available — to rank the worst states for winter driving. Our ranking of the most dangerous states for winter driving incorporated total fatalities in winter driving conditions, the fatality rate adjusted for vehicle miles traveled in the state and the state's score on our ranking of the states with the safest drivers.

We found that when road conditions included sleet, snow, blowing snow or freezing drizzle, Michigan ranked as the worst state for winter driving overall, while Alaska had the highest winter driving fatality rate.

Our top 15 list doesn't include some surprising states that experience significant winter weather, like Massachusetts and New Jersey.

15 Most Dangerous States for Winter Driving

	State	Final Winter Danger Score	Winter Driving Fatality Rate
1.	Michigan	100	0.41
2.	Alaska	79	1.65
3.	Ohio	78	0.26
4.	Pennsylvania	72	0.28
5.	Montana	69	0.73
6.	Illinois	65	0.23
7.	Wyoming	62	1.00
8.	Wisconsin	55	0.30
9.	South Dakota	48	0.57
10.	Minnesota	47	0.31
11.	Colorado	47	0.25
12.	Indiana	46	0.21
13.	West Virginia	46	0.53
14.	Missouri	44	0.16
15.	Vermont	44	0.75

Winter Driving Safety-First Measures That Could Save Your Life

There are life-saving measures you can take to prepare your vehicle for changing road conditions before the sleet, ice and snow hit your area.

Get a checkup.

The worst time for your car to break down is in freezing temperatures, so it’s essential to get your car serviced to check for leaks, worn hoses and other maintenance items. Your brakes, defroster, heater and lights should all be working correctly.

Reassess your battery.

Battery power drops with the temperature. You want to make sure your battery has enough voltage, amperage and reserve capacity to start on those cold mornings. If your battery is more than three years old, consider replacing it.

Verify your auto insurance.

Ensure that you have the best auto insurance policy to protect you in the event of a weather-related incident. Even if you're driving responsibly, some accidents are unavoidable if you and another car collide in icy conditions. Call your insurance provider or verify your plan online to double-check your winter weather coverage. Consider comparing car insurance quotes from several providers if you're in a high-risk winter driving state and your coverage is inadequate.

Top off your windshield wiper fluid.

Snowstorms can drain your windshield wiper fluid quickly. Top off your washer reservoir before the first snow hits, and then keep refilling it throughout the season. Late fall is an excellent time to check if those wipers need a replacement.

Look down.

Have you checked your floor mats in a while? Are they still in the right place and clear of debris? If not, it's time to clean up and re-secure them. Improperly installed floor mats can get in your way and prevent you from hitting the gas or brake properly.

Fill up.

If you're always pushing it to the last mile before filling up your gas tank, winter is the time to change that habit. First of all, you don't want to be stranded in the cold. Secondly, you won't get as far on that last gallon of gas. According to the Department of Energy, in short-trip city driving, a conventional gasoline car's gas mileage is about 15% lower at 20 degrees Fahrenheit than it would be at 77 degrees Fahrenheit.

Tread heavy.

You should check your tire tread regularly, but in slick conditions, it's critical. The minimum tread for any road condition is 2/32 of an inch. In winter driving, the more tread, the better. Tire pressure also changes with colder temperatures, so check your owner's manual to find the correct pressure for your vehicle and add air if needed.

Essential Items to Keep In Your Car

Like a good Scout, it's a good idea to adopt the motto "be prepared" when it comes to winter driving. Keeping emergency supplies in your trunk is a key part of practicing travel safety. Tuck these items in the back now so they are there when you need them:

Spare tire
Chains
Snow shovel
Ice scraper
Jumper cables
Sand or kitty litter
Flashlight
Blanket
Water
Food/snacks
Cell phone charger
Medications

Before you leave for a ski vacation or a trip to Grandma’s house, you should plan your travel, checking the weather and road conditions as well as your route. Always give yourself extra time to drive slower.

If you're traveling with kids, make sure they’re safely buckled in a car seat. While you may want to keep them bundled up in their winter coat, this can interfere with the fit. Always remove your child’s thick outerwear, buckle them up and then place blankets or coats over the secure harness.

Methodology

To determine which states are most dangerous for winter driving, MoneyGeek analyzed data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) for 2019–2021.

Using FARS data, we calculated each state’s winter driving fatality rate adjusted for vehicle miles traveled, as well as the total winter fatalities in each state. We also utilized the results of a MoneyGeek analysis of the states with the best and worst drivers.

To calculate each state's Winter Driving Score, we weighted the factors mentioned above. Total Winter Driving Fatalities was given double weight, Winter Driving Fatality Rate was given full weight and Safe Driver Score was given half weight.

Full Data Set

The data points presented are defined as follows:

2023 Rank: The state’s winter driving rank for MoneyGeek’s 2023 study based on its "Final Winter Danger Score," with a lower rank indicating more dangerous winter driving conditions.
2022 Rank: The state’s winter driving rank for MoneyGeek’s 2022 study based on its "Final Winter Danger Score," with a lower rank indicating more dangerous winter driving conditions.
Final Winter Danger Score: Total Winter Driving Fatalities, Winter Driving Fatality Rate and Safe Driver Score were each converted to a 100-point scale and weighted. We based the final ranking of states on that score.
Total Winter Driving Fatalities (2019–2021): Driving fatalities reported by the NHTSA where road conditions included sleet, snow, blowing snow or freezing drizzle for the most recent three years of data 2019–2021. This metric is given double weight in the calculation of the final winter danger score.
Winter Driving Fatality Rate: The rate of winter driving fatalities per billion vehicular miles traveled. This metric is given full weight in the ranking.
Safe Driver Score: The final score calculated by MoneyGeek in its rating of the states with the safest and worst drivers. For this analysis, the scores have been scaled to range from 0 to 100, with 100 being the safest. This metric is given half weight.

State	2023 Rank	2022 Rank	Final Winter Danger Score	Total Winter Driving Fatalities (2019-2021)	Winter Driving Fatality Rate	Safe Driver Score
Michigan	1	1	100	117	0.41	69
Alaska	2	3	79	28	1.65	70
Ohio	3	4	78	87	0.26	60
Pennsylvania	4	6	72	83	0.28	72
Montana	5	5	69	28	0.73	0
Illinois	6	8	65	69	0.23	59
Wyoming	7	2	62	31	1.00	62
Wisconsin	8	7	55	57	0.30	74
South Dakota	9	11	48	17	0.57	32
Minnesota	10	16	47	52	0.31	90
Colorado	11	18	47	39	0.25	51
Indiana	12	13	46	49	0.21	77
West Virginia	13	15	46	27	0.53	60
Missouri	14	9	44	37	0.16	47
Vermont	15	14	44	15	0.75	62
Iowa	16	21	43	37	0.38	79
Kansas	17	22	42	31	0.34	59
Idaho	18	19	42	21	0.38	41
Nebraska	19	10	39	27	0.44	75
New Mexico	20	23	38	12	0.15	5
New York	21	20	38	45	0.14	87
Texas	22	30	37	28	0.03	35
Kentucky	23	27	31	19	0.13	47
New Hampshire	24	24	31	14	0.36	62
North Dakota	25	12	31	11	0.39	60
Oregon	26	26	30	18	0.17	53
Washington	27	28	29	20	0.11	57
Virginia	28	31	27	18	0.07	54
South Carolina	29	25	26	1	0.01	6
Maine	30	17	26	15	0.35	83
Utah	31	32	25	22	0.23	88
Arizona	32	29	25	12	0.06	44
Tennessee	33	35	23	13	0.05	52
Mississippi	34	33	22	6	0.05	39
Arkansas	35	34	22	5	0.05	38
California	36	40	21	18	0.02	68
Oklahoma	37	36	21	6	0.05	42
Massachusetts	38	39	21	21	0.12	89
Connecticut	39	43	16	9	0.10	74
Nevada	40	42	15	5	0.06	64
North Carolina	41	37	14	6	0.02	63
New Jersey	42	41	13	16	0.07	100
Maryland	43	45	12	8	0.05	81
Georgia	44	47	12	6	0.02	72
Rhode Island	45	46	11	2	0.09	74
Delaware	46	44	10	1	0.03	68
Louisiana	47	38	0	0	0.00	30
Alabama	47	48	0	0	0.00	66
Florida	47	48	0	0	0.00	65
Hawaii	47	48	0	0	0.00	73

About Danielle Kiser

Danielle is a professional journalist with fifteen years of experience covering current events from the 2008 financial crisis to the COVID-19 global economic recession. As a former TV news producer, she focuses on sharing relevant and factual stories that stimulate personal growth and knowledge.

Danielle graduated from the acclaimed University of Missouri School of Journalism with a focus in Broadcast Journalism.

With six out-of-state moves and three home purchases under her belt, she has first-hand experience navigating state regulations, insurance and real estate. She currently lives in Colorado with her husband and a greyhound named Oreo.

sources

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. "Fatality Analysis Reporting System." Accessed October 7, 2023.
U.S. Department of Energy. "Fuel Economy in Cold Weather." Accessed October 22, 2023.

On This Page: